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Ongoing project

The War between Israel and Hamas in Norwegian News Media

This project maps how five major Norwegian news outlets covered the war between Israel and Hamas from 7 October 2023 to 9 October 2025, examining how key actors and events were framed, which topics were covered, and how sources were used and weighted.

Project period April 2026–December 2026
Project employer The Fritt Ord Foundation
Project nr. 10842
Project leader Johannes Due Enstad

The Israel/Palestine conflict is among the most contentious foreign policy issues in Norwegian public discourse, and opinions on media coverage are equally divided. Research suggests that national opinion on the conflict may have real consequences for minority groups, e.g. negative opinion on Israel has been found to correlate with increased antisemitic harassment and violence. Previous Norwegian studies have pointed to bias in coverage in both directions, but no systematic and comprehensive analysis of reporting after 7 October 2023 exists.

The project has two aims: to map how news coverage frames the conflict's main actors and key events, and to contribute to an informed public conversation about journalistic practice and diversity of perspectives in the coverage of polarising topics. 

The project analyses approximately 5,000 news articles from NRK, VG, Aftenposten, Klassekampen, and Vårt Land using a combination of manual content analysis and AI-assisted coding. The coding scheme covers three main dimensions: contextualisation (the overarching frames within which actors and events are presented), topic selection (which aspects of the conflict receive attention), and source use and weighting (which sources are drawn upon, and how credibility is signaled linguistically). Findings will be published as an ISF report and a public-facing opinion piece.

Participants

Johannes Due Enstad Research Professor +47 971 37 554 Send e-mail
Øyvind Bugge Solheim Senior Research Fellow +47 402 28 565 Send e-mail
Research topics: media, freedom of speech, discrimination, democracy
Published June 30, 2026 9:33 AM - Last modified June 30, 2026 9:33 AM