Changing health and skills requirements in the labour market?

Papers

Chutes and Ladders? Job Opportunities for Generation COVID
Erling Barth, Harald Dale-Olsen, Pål Schøne, and Kjersti Misje Østbakken 
IZA Discussion Paper # 14530.

How Robots Change Within-Firm Wage Inequality
Erling Barth, Marianne Røed, Pål Schøne, and Janis Umlijs
IZA Discussion paper # 13605

Twisting the Demand Curve: Digitalization and the Older Workforce
Erling Barth, James C Davis, Richard B Freeman, and Kristina McElheran
NBER Working paper # 28094

• Barth, Erling & Østbakken, Kjersti Misje (2021). Fortsatt polarisering i det norske arbeidsmarkedet? Søkelys på arbeidslivet. 38(1), s. 23–40. doi: 10.18261/issn.1504-7989-2021-01-02. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Arbeidsmarkedene i vestlige land har blitt polarisert over tid ved at middelklasseyrker har blitt automatisert bort. Denne prosessen er tidligere også dokumentert i Norge. Ettersom automatiseringen og digitaliseringen har fortsatt å øke, undersøker vi i denne artikkelen om de polariserende tendensene fortsatt pågår. Ved å analysere norske registerdata for perioden 2004-2018 finner vi stadig økende etterspørsel i toppen av yrkesfordelingen, men ikke økt etterspørsel lengre ned i fordelingen. Oppgraderingen og økt etterspørsel i toppen av arbeidsmarkedet, fortsatt fall i etterspørselen på midten, dempes av at relative lønninger har økt på toppen og falt på bunnen.

• Schøne, Pål & Strøm, Marte (2021). International labor market competition and wives’ labor supply responses. Labour Economics. 70(June). doi: 10.1016/j.labeco.2021.101983. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Barth, Erling; Cools, Sara & Strøm, Marte (2019). Geographic variation in social mobility: Polarization, migration and mothers' labour force participation. Tidsskrift for samfunnsforskning. 60(3), s. 300–308. doi: 10.18261/issn.1504-291X-2019-03-08. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv

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• Barth, Erling; Dale-Olsen, Harald; Schøne, Pål & Østbakken, Kjersti Misje (2021). Chutes and ladders? Job Opportunities for Generation Covid . IZA Institute of labor economics. Vis sammendrag

  With a focus on jobs for youth, this paper analyses the development of job postings in Norway during the first and second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Jobs for youth are defined by the top 20 3-digit occupations for young workers. Job postings in these occupations took a larger hit than other jobs. We also identify the top 20 occupations for entrants right after completed highest education. Separate analyses by education reveal that entry jobs for young people with lower education declined the most during the pandemic. Using a difference in difference framework with 2018 and 2019 as reference years, we show that the decline started before “lock-down” policies were in place, but that the decline was even larger during the lock-down. Concurrent with re-opening phases in the economy, job posting rates improved, but did not reach the levels comparable to those in 2018 and 2019.

• Barth, Erling; Røed, Marianne; Schøne, Pål & Umblijs, Janis (2020). How Robots Change Within-Firm Wage Inequality. IZA Institute of Labor Economics.
• Barth, Erling; Davis, James Creece; Freeman, Richard B. & McElheran, Kristina (2020). Twisting the Demand Curve: Digitalization and the Older Workforce . NBER. Vis sammendrag

  This paper uses U.S. Census Bureau panel data that link firm software investment to worker earnings. We regress the log of earnings of workers by age group on the software investment by their employing firm. To unpack the potential causal factors for differential software effects by age group we extend the AKM framework by including job-spell fixed effects that allow for a correlation between the worker-firm match and age and by including time-varying firm effects that allow for a correlation between wage-enhancing productivity shocks and software investments. Within job-spell, software capital raises earnings at a rate that declines post age 50 to about zero after age 65. By contrast, the effects of non-IT equipment investment on earnings increase for workers post age 50. The difference between the software and non-IT equipment effects suggests that our results are attributable to the technology rather than to age-related bargaining power. Our data further show that software capital increases the earnings of highwage workers relative to low-wage workers and the earnings in high-wage firms relative to lowwage firms, and may thus widen earnings inequality within and across firms

• Schøne, Pål & Strøm, Marte (2019). International Labor Market Competition and Spousal Labor Supply Responses . IZA Institute of Labor economics.

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• Strøm, Marte; von Simson, Kristine & Østbakken, Kjersti Misje (2022). Temporary employment reforms and employment probabilities.
• Barth, Erling; Schøne, Pål; Dale-Olsen, Harald & Østbakken, Kjersti Misje (2021). The rise and fall - labor demand during COVID-19.
• Østbakken, Kjersti Misje (2020). Where did all the routine workers go? Occupational mobility, labor market exits and wage Growth in the era of automation.
• Strøm, Marte & Østbakken, Kjersti Misje (2020). Temporary work reform - effects on job probabilities and earnings.
• Østbakken, Kjersti Misje (2020). Where did all the routine workers go? Occupational mobility, labor market extis and wage growth in the era of automation.
• Østbakken, Kjersti Misje (2020). Where did all the routine workers go? Occupational mobility, labor market exits and wage Growth in the era of automation.
• von Simson, Kristine (2019). Effekter av arbeidsmarkedstiltak mv - norske erfaringer.
• von Simson, Kristine (2019). Effekter av arbeidsmarkedstiltak - norske erfaringer.

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